Friday, December 26, 2008

新妈妈每天必做10件事

2008年4月10日 作者:高子茗


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您希望宝宝每天都以笑脸迎人、快乐成长吗?那么请先来学学以下每天要做的10件事吧,相信您很快就会成为厉害的育儿高手。

1、看时间、看需求喂奶

每个宝宝的吃奶量都不相同,原则上将宝宝的体重(以千克为单位)乘以150毫升,就是宝宝一整天所需的基本奶量。

经过了新生儿期的不稳定阶段之后,妈妈慢慢就可以掌握宝宝的喝奶时间。随着年龄的增长,妈妈最好逐渐让宝宝养成间隔几个小时才喝奶的习惯。不过,宝宝通常在便便后也有喝奶的需求。所以,除了看时间喂奶外,有时也要视需求而略为改变。

Tips 不要一哭就喝

不要宝宝一哭就马上喂他喝奶,妈妈应该先回想上次的喝奶时间或是先检查尿布。避免用喝奶来处理宝宝的哭泣,否则可能会让宝宝出现饮食时间不规律或过量饮食的问题。

2、吃饱后要拍嗝

每次喝完奶之后,妈妈最好帮宝宝拍嗝,这样能让宝宝胃里的空气尽快排出,避免产生胀气或吐奶。如果有些宝宝的胃容量比较小或是比较容易吸入空气,妈妈也可以尝试喝一半就先拍嗝,等打完嗝后再继续喝奶,最后再拍一次嗝。

至于拍嗝的手势,可依照个人的习惯调整。一般来说,妈妈可以尝试让宝宝侧坐在妈妈的大腿上,然后一手用虎口的位置撑住宝宝的下巴及脸部,尽量让宝宝把背挺直,另一只手则扣成中空状,帮宝宝由下往上拍后背。

Tips 拍嗝技巧

1.如果有时候拍不出嗝来,那么可以先直立抱一会宝宝,或是在宝宝躺下时,在他背后垫一些被子,让他先斜躺一会儿。

2.一般到6个月之后,妈妈就不需要再经常拍嗝了。

3、保持凉爽室温

宝宝的新陈代谢比较快,体温调节能力还不是很好,因此外在环境的温度很容易影响宝宝。每天最好将室温控制在25~27度,空调风口不要对着宝宝。另外,妈妈也可以伸手摸一下宝宝的后背,原则上以不出汗、略温热为准来调整衣服的增减。如果出汗多,可以喂宝宝多喝点白开水。

4、洗个温水澡

洗澡除了能清洁身体外,也能让宝宝消除疲累、身心舒畅。家长帮宝宝洗澡时,要特别注意生殖器部位的清洁,以免引发感染。宝宝比较容易流汗,家长一天可以帮宝宝洗两次澡。如果身体不是很脏,就不需要每次都使用沐浴用品,直接以清水洗即可。

在晚上睡觉前,如果宝宝有不易入睡的困扰,妈妈可以在睡前让宝宝泡个舒服的温水澡,洗完澡后在喂奶,此时宝宝通常都感觉身心比较放松,能尽快进入梦乡。

Tips 准备好,再洗澡

在给宝宝洗澡前,妈妈要将各项准备工作都做好,例如调节水温、准备好浴巾、洗浴用品、换穿的衣服等,这样才能避免洗澡时的手忙脚乱,让宝宝更加喜欢洗澡。

5、陪宝宝聊天

在大部分时间里,宝宝都是睡睡醒醒,所以宝宝睡觉时就让他好好睡,不需要一会儿调整他的睡姿、一会儿又去拉被子。当宝宝醒来时,妈妈可以主动陪他聊聊天,即使宝宝还没有很多的回应,但只要听见妈妈温柔的声音、看见妈妈专注的眼睛,宝宝的安全感和愉悦感就会大大增加。

此外,还可以准备几个婴儿玩具,让宝宝尝试抓抓玩具或看看玩具。或者把宝宝抱起来,让他认识家里的环境,给他介绍家里的物品,让他对生活充满新奇。

6、进行婴儿按摩

婴儿按摩有很多好处,包括提供良好的触觉刺激、放松宝宝身心、增进新陈代谢等,还能促进宝宝的肠胃蠕动,减少婴儿肠绞痛、腹胀等困扰。所以,建议妈妈每天安排一段时间,帮宝宝做婴儿按摩。通常建议在洗澡后或是宝宝心情愉快时进行。妈妈先在手上倒一些婴儿油或乳液,接着从脸到身体再到四肢,逐一进行按摩。

Tips 按摩可减轻便秘或胀气

如果宝宝有肠绞痛、腹胀等困扰,妈妈可以增加腹部按摩的时间和次数,使宝宝肠胃蠕动量增加,进而减少便秘或胀气的困扰。

7、带宝宝走出去

随着宝宝翻身、坐起的能力逐渐建立,宝宝对周围的环境更加充满好奇。所以,宝宝会要求大人多陪陪他,或是抱着他四处走走。

此时,妈妈可以准备一辆婴儿手推车或婴儿背带,每天在宝宝精神好的时候,带他去附近的公园、邻居家等地方走一走。外出的地点不需要太远,对宝宝来说,只要是不同于家里的地方,可以看见不同的人,他就会觉得新鲜、有趣。夏天和初秋的蚊虫较多,如果到户外去,最好先在衣物或手推车周围喷洒上防蚊液。睡觉时除了使用蚊帐之外,也可以在睡前先点上几个小时的蚊香,这都能减少宝宝被蚊子叮咬的几率。

8、预防尿布疹

有过尿布疹经验的妈妈都知道,宝宝一旦罹患尿布疹就很麻烦,不但会影响情绪、睡眠,甚至连饮食也受到影响,所以一定要格外小心。平时除了要勤换尿布之外,还要挑选吸收力强、透气性佳的尿布。在宝宝便便后,最好用清水或湿纸巾擦拭干净,而且不要急着马上包好尿布,可等屁屁干爽之后在穿上尿布。

9、布置舒适的小床

对宝宝来说,睡觉的环境和品质是很重要的。如果条件允许,最好让宝宝独立睡自己的床,并且为他选择一个软硬适中、透气性佳的床垫及枕头。如果宝宝比较缺乏安全感,可以让他睡在比较小的空间里。例如在床的四周加一些靠垫。

在宝宝睡觉时,即使是白天也要尽量降低室内的光线,等宝宝醒来时则让室内变得明亮一些,光线变化可以让宝宝建立更规律的睡眠习惯。

Tips 营造睡眠好环境

1.尽量让宝宝在同一个地方睡觉,可以减少适应新环境的陌生感。

2.睡觉时应保持凉爽室温,宝宝睡着后可以将冷气调小一些,但不需要关掉冷气或紧闭门窗,否则睡一半又热醒了,睡眠品质就会受影响。

10、听轻柔的音乐

如果整天都有嘈杂的噪音或长时间处在亢奋之中,就会使宝宝情绪紧绷、过度兴奋。所以,一天之中应适时出现“休息时间”,这会让宝宝情绪更为稳定。妈妈不需要一整天都让房子只有“安静”的状态,宝宝精神愉快时,就可以开心的游戏,尽情陪宝宝聊天。但是当宝宝出现疲劳感或是快到睡眠时间时,妈妈就要让家里的气氛平静下来,播放轻柔的音乐,让宝宝只做静态的活动,或是准备进入梦乡。

在轻柔的音乐声中,不只宝宝感到身心放松,妈妈也可以暂时歇一歇、喘口气,告别忙碌的一天,迎接新一天的开始。

摘自《妈妈宝宝》

Letting It All Out - Successful Burping Positions Revealed

By Kim Green-Spangler


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Why do babies need to burp? Burping became a common practice after bottle feeding was introduced. The faster flow of the bottle (compared to nursing) requires babies to swallow at a quicker rate, thus increasing the amount of air being sucked in while gulping between swallows. Many breastfed babies require no burping at all. Too much air in the tummy makes it very uncomfortable for baby and very loud for mom and dad. Burping is needed to help baby expel the excess gas from their tummies, and a necessity for keeping baby happy and home relatively peaceful.

No two babies are identical. A burping position that worked for the first child may not be effective on baby number 2, and burping may not be necessary after each feeding. Especially if it is a relatively light meal, or if baby is feeding in a more upright position. Did you know the success of burping can be dependent on who is doing the burping too? There are positions which work better for mom than dad and vice versa. Some work best due to body strength, and others because of plain 'ol anatomy. However, below are eight gas expelling positions, which parents have found to be very effective:

On the Shoulder (Mom)
This position works best for women/moms. Place baby over your shoulder with his cheek resting on your shoulder and his tummy resting comfortably against your chest. Rub or pat baby's back to initiate burp. Mom's breasts provide gentle but constant pressure against baby's tummy and helps force gas to exit.


Over the Shoulder (Dad)
Holding baby securely, place her over the shoulder so that her tummy is resting against the top of your shoulder and rub or pat back. This is a good position for dad as baby will be being held up on shoulder blade for a potentially prolonged period of time. *


Sitting on the Lap (Mom)
Sit baby on lap with the palm of your hand resting against his tummy and his chin resting on your hand. Your hand will supply the pressure necessary to help gas move as you gently pat with other hand.


Tummy Down on the Lap (Dad)
This is another great position for dad. Place baby across lap with tummy over knee(s) while supporting her head. With other hand, gently pat her back or tap the heel of the leg supporting her tummy to burp. *


One Arm (Mom)
Baby can be carried securely again mom, facing away from her with mom's arm wrapped around his middle. This allows mom the freedom to burp baby while moving about. *


Over the Limb (Dad)
Using the forearm to apply pressure to baby's tummy, dad can drape baby over forearm with her head cradled in his palm and gently rub her back. Dad has the muscle to do this effectively while keeping baby safe. *


The Reverse Burp (Mom)
Lie baby on his back and gently flex knees to chest to help expel gas from the other end. It doesn't matter which way the gas comes out, as long as it does come out. Gently rubbing the tummy in a clockwise position can also help gas move. *


The Upright (Dad)
Sit down with and place feet up on a couch beside you, or a footstool in front of you. With knees bent, drape a blanket or towel over knees, taking care to eliminate the indent between thighs. Rest baby with cheek on a thigh near knees making sure she can breathe easily. Holding baby securely and snug to thighs, gently tap back. This is a very effective position for the baby with reflux as she will be in a more upright position. *


* Note: Several of these positions can be quite messy, especially if baby has reflux and is known for spitting up after feeding, or when being burped. Take necessary precautions for baby safety and cleanliness.

Burping requires patience and persistence. It often takes more time to burp the baby than it takes to feed her. And if baby has reflux not only will he need to be burped diligently, but should remain in a vertical position for at least twenty minutes after being fed. As baby grows the need to burp decreases and eventually he/she will be able to burp like dad - you know, on command. Until then, keep those burp cloths handy!

Thursday, December 25, 2008

要做的事情

每月:
交morgate,
交HOA fee
交GRU
交Cox cable

现在:
填税表
申请Home stead的减免

Tuesday, December 23, 2008

contact

352-371-4829 James

John and Linda Chung
2340 30th Ave.
SF, CA94116

Monday, December 1, 2008

给我家宝宝把屎的经验—希望对本版有贡献

发信人: BabyGirl2008 (BabyGirl2008), 信区: NextGeneration
标 题: 给我家宝宝把屎的经验—希望对本版有贡献
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Nov 26 15:08:02 2008)

我家宝宝刚满4个月,checkup回来,很健康。
分享一下把屎的经验,希望对妈妈们有帮助。

我家宝宝满月之前想poo了,自己总是使劲地蹬腿,poo poo好几声才完成一次poo。
我家宝宝是满月开始把屎的。

起源于一次偶然的事件。有一次宝宝午睡醒来吃饱喝足之后吭吭叽叽,我猜想可能是要
poo了,于是就把宝宝把在腿上,让宝宝的背靠着我的肚子,我用双手把住宝宝的双腿
,戴着尿布把她。宝宝很老实地使劲,不到一分钟,就断续地poo了好几声。

第一次把屎成功后,我就有意识地给宝宝把屎。我家宝宝从出生到现在每天至少要poo3
次。通常是早上,中午,下午及晚上洗澡前。于是我们就选择适当的时间给宝宝把屎,
基本上一把一个准。有时候我们因为忙耽误了把屎的时间,宝宝会尖叫。开始我们没在
意,结果一分钟不到的时间自己就poo了。可来宝宝已经养成让爸爸妈妈把屎的习惯了
。我家宝宝夜里从来不poo,这一点很好:)

把屎的tips:
1。要赶在宝宝早上自己poo之前把屎。最好选择睡醒后或吃奶后把屎。
2。把屎之前最好能以迅雷不及掩耳之速给宝宝换上新尿布(防止突发事件),边边角
角弄好。
3。把屎的前把一块布尿布垫在自己肚子和腿上,防止后面漏和测漏。
4。把屎的时候喊口号,让宝宝熟悉:嗯,使劲,poo poo。。。同时自己的身子稍微往
前倾。我们把屎的时候同时播放土耳其进行曲,促进把屎的进程。我家宝宝习惯了。
5。宝宝一般一次poo要分好几下完成,poopoo好几声。切忌急匆匆,给宝宝足够的时间
。我家一般是三曲poo poo进行曲,十分钟左右。偶尔即使没有把出屎,也能把出尿的。

把屎的好处多:
1. 降低得尿布疹的可能性,把宝宝的屁屁和poo接触的时间降到最少。
2. 降低换尿布时突发事件的可能性,pee或poo。
3. 提前进入potty training,呵呵。。。